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Space, IT & defence technology MCQ with Answers

20 questionswith explanationsfor RAS, Patwari, VDO and other Rajasthan exams

Questions

Q1

In which year was the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) founded?

  1. (1)1969
  2. (2)1962
  3. (3)1975
  4. (4)1980

Answer: (1) 1969

Explanation

ISRO was established on 15 August 1969; its predecessor INCOSPAR was set up in 1962.

Q2

What was the name of India's first satellite?

  1. (1)Bhaskara
  2. (2)Rohini
  3. (3)Aryabhata
  4. (4)INSAT-1A

Answer: (3) Aryabhata

Explanation

Aryabhata, India's first satellite, was launched in 1975 with Soviet help.

Q3

What is the full form of GPS?

  1. (1)General Positioning System
  2. (2)Global Positioning System
  3. (3)Global Power Satellite
  4. (4)Geo Processing System

Answer: (2) Global Positioning System

Explanation

GPS stands for Global Positioning System, a satellite-based navigation system operated by the USA.

Q4

In 2023, Chandrayaan-3's lander made a soft landing near which region of the Moon?

  1. (1)North pole
  2. (2)Equator
  3. (3)Far side centre
  4. (4)South pole

Answer: (4) South pole

Explanation

Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander soft-landed near the lunar south pole, the first mission to do so.

Q5

The Agni missile of India is of which type?

  1. (1)Surface-to-air missile
  2. (2)Surface-to-surface ballistic missile
  3. (3)Anti-tank guided missile
  4. (4)Air-to-air missile

Answer: (2) Surface-to-surface ballistic missile

Explanation

Agni is a series of surface-to-surface ballistic missiles developed by DRDO.

Q6

On which date did Chandrayaan-3 land on the Moon, now observed as National Space Day in India?

  1. (1)23 August 2023
  2. (2)14 July 2023
  3. (3)15 August 2023
  4. (4)2 September 2023

Answer: (1) 23 August 2023

Explanation

Chandrayaan-3 landed on 23 August 2023 (it was launched on 14 July 2023); 23 August is National Space Day.

Q7

Who was the first Indian to travel into space?

  1. (1)Kalpana Chawla
  2. (2)Sunita Williams
  3. (3)Rakesh Sharma
  4. (4)Vikram Sarabhai

Answer: (3) Rakesh Sharma

Explanation

Squadron Leader Rakesh Sharma flew to space in 1984 aboard the Soviet Soyuz T-11.

Q8

In computing, one byte is equal to how many bits?

  1. (1)4
  2. (2)16
  3. (3)2
  4. (4)8

Answer: (4) 8

Explanation

One byte consists of 8 bits; a bit is a single binary digit (0 or 1).

Q9

In which year was India's Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) launched?

  1. (1)2008
  2. (2)2013
  3. (3)2016
  4. (4)2019

Answer: (2) 2013

Explanation

Mangalyaan was launched in November 2013 and entered Mars orbit in September 2014 on its first attempt.

Q10

The BrahMos supersonic cruise missile has been jointly developed by India and which country?

  1. (1)France
  2. (2)Israel
  3. (3)Russia
  4. (4)USA

Answer: (3) Russia

Explanation

BrahMos is an India–Russia joint venture; its name comes from the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers.

Q11

India's regional satellite navigation system NavIC was earlier known as?

  1. (1)IRNSS
  2. (2)GAGAN
  3. (3)INSAT
  4. (4)EDUSAT

Answer: (1) IRNSS

Explanation

NavIC is the operational name of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).

Q12

Which of the following is a surface-to-air missile developed under India's Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme?

  1. (1)Prithvi
  2. (2)Agni
  3. (3)Nag
  4. (4)Akash

Answer: (4) Akash

Explanation

Akash is a surface-to-air missile; Prithvi and Agni are surface-to-surface and Nag is an anti-tank missile.

Q13

Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14 July 2023 from Sriharikota aboard which launch vehicle?

  1. (1)LVM3-M4
  2. (2)GSLV-F10
  3. (3)SSLV-D2
  4. (4)PSLV-C25

Answer: (1) LVM3-M4

Explanation

Chandrayaan-3 was launched by LVM3-M4 (formerly GSLV Mk III) on 14 July 2023.

Q14

Consider the following statements about Aditya-L1: 1. It was launched on 2 September 2023 aboard PSLV-C57. 2. The Lagrange point L1, where it is placed, lies between the Earth and the Moon. 3. It is India's first space-based observatory-class mission to study the Sun. Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. (1)1 and 2 only
  2. (2)2 and 3 only
  3. (3)1 and 3 only
  4. (4)1, 2 and 3

Answer: (3) 1 and 3 only

Explanation

Statements 1 and 3 are correct; L1 lies about 1.5 million km from Earth towards the Sun, far beyond the Moon.

Q15

Chandrayaan-1, launched by PSLV-C11 in October 2008, is best remembered for which finding?

  1. (1)Active plate tectonics on the Moon
  2. (2)Active volcanoes on the lunar far side
  3. (3)A dense nitrogen atmosphere on the Moon
  4. (4)Evidence of water molecules on the Moon

Answer: (4) Evidence of water molecules on the Moon

Explanation

Chandrayaan-1 (2008), through its Moon Mineralogy Mapper and Moon Impact Probe, provided evidence of water molecules on the Moon.

Q16

With the SpaDeX mission, launched aboard PSLV-C60 in December 2024, India in January 2025 became the fourth country to demonstrate which capability?

  1. (1)Docking of two satellites in space
  2. (2)Soft landing of a rover on Mars
  3. (3)Sending a crew into Earth orbit
  4. (4)Returning a sample from an asteroid

Answer: (1) Docking of two satellites in space

Explanation

SpaDeX docked its two satellites on 16 January 2025, making India the fourth country after the USA, Russia and China to achieve space docking.

Q17

The Earth-observation satellite NISAR, launched on 30 July 2025 by GSLV-F16, is a joint mission of ISRO and:

  1. (1)CNES (France)
  2. (2)ESA (Europe)
  3. (3)NASA (USA)
  4. (4)JAXA (Japan)

Answer: (3) NASA (USA)

Explanation

NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) carries NASA's L-band and ISRO's S-band radars.

Q18

The launch of the NavIC satellite NVS-02 by GSLV-F15 on 29 January 2025 was a milestone because it was:

  1. (1)The 100th launch from Sriharikota
  2. (2)The first flight of a reusable rocket
  3. (3)The first launch by a private firm
  4. (4)The first launch from Kulasekarapattinam

Answer: (1) The 100th launch from Sriharikota

Explanation

GSLV-F15/NVS-02 on 29 January 2025 was the 100th launch from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota.

Q19

XPoSat, launched by ISRO on 1 January 2024, is India's first dedicated satellite for studying:

  1. (1)Groundwater levels in India
  2. (2)Ozone depletion over Antarctica
  3. (3)Polarisation of cosmic X-rays
  4. (4)Salinity of the ocean surface

Answer: (3) Polarisation of cosmic X-rays

Explanation

XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite), launched by PSLV-C58, studies the polarisation of X-rays from bright cosmic sources.

Q20

In June-July 2025, Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla became the first Indian to visit the International Space Station under which mission?

  1. (1)Axiom Mission 4
  2. (2)Artemis II
  3. (3)Starliner CFT
  4. (4)Gaganyaan G1

Answer: (1) Axiom Mission 4

Explanation

Shubhanshu Shukla flew to the ISS on the Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) in June 2025, returning in July 2025.