20 questionswith explanationsfor RAS, Patwari, VDO and other Rajasthan exams
Which Article of the Constitution provides for the establishment of the Supreme Court of India?
Answer: (1) Article 124
Explanation
Article 124 provides for the establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court; Article 214 provides for High Courts.
At what age does a judge of a High Court retire?
Answer: (2) 62 years
Explanation
A High Court judge holds office until 62 years of age (Article 217), while a Supreme Court judge serves until 65.
Under which Article do High Courts have the power to issue writs?
Answer: (3) Article 226
Explanation
Article 226 empowers High Courts to issue writs, not only for Fundamental Rights but also for any other purpose.
Under which Article can the President seek the advisory opinion of the Supreme Court?
Answer: (4) Article 143
Explanation
Article 143 provides for the advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court on questions of law or fact referred by the President.
Disputes between the Union and one or more States fall under which jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (Article 131)?
Answer: (1) Original jurisdiction
Explanation
Article 131 gives the Supreme Court exclusive original jurisdiction in disputes between the Union and States or between States.
Special Leave to Appeal (SLP) by the Supreme Court is provided under which Article?
Answer: (2) Article 136
Explanation
Article 136 empowers the Supreme Court to grant special leave to appeal from any judgment of any court or tribunal (except military tribunals).
In which case did the Supreme Court propound the 'Basic Structure' doctrine?
Answer: (3) Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)
Explanation
In Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), the Supreme Court held that Parliament cannot amend the basic structure of the Constitution.
Under which Article is the law declared by the Supreme Court binding on all courts in India?
Answer: (4) Article 141
Explanation
Article 141 makes the law declared by the Supreme Court binding on all courts within the territory of India.
On what grounds can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed from office?
Answer: (1) Proved misbehaviour or incapacity
Explanation
Under Article 124(4), a judge can be removed by the President on an address by both Houses of Parliament on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity.
Which Article allows Parliament to establish a common High Court for two or more States?
Answer: (2) Article 231
Explanation
Article 231 empowers Parliament by law to establish a common High Court for two or more States, or for two or more States and a Union Territory.
The power of the Supreme Court to review its own judgments or orders is provided under which Article?
Answer: (3) Article 137
Explanation
Article 137 empowers the Supreme Court to review any judgment pronounced or order made by it.
In which case did the Supreme Court strike down the 99th Constitutional Amendment and the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) Act in 2015?
Answer: (4) Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association v. Union of India
Explanation
In the Fourth Judges case (Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association v. Union of India, 2015), the NJAC was held unconstitutional and the collegium system was restored.
When the Supreme Court was set up in 1950, how many judges did it have, including the Chief Justice?
Answer: (3) 8
Explanation
The original Constitution provided for a Chief Justice and seven other judges, i.e. eight in all.
After the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Act, 2026, the sanctioned strength of the Supreme Court, including the Chief Justice of India, is:
Answer: (4) 38
Explanation
The 2026 Act (which replaced an ordinance of May 2026) raised the number of other judges from 33 to 37, so the total with the Chief Justice is 38; Parliament fixes this number by law.
A judge of the Supreme Court holds office until the age of:
Answer: (1) 65 years
Explanation
Under Article 124(2), a Supreme Court judge holds office until 65 years of age.
To be appointed a judge of the Supreme Court, a person who has been an advocate of a High Court must have practised for at least how many years?
Answer: (1) 10 years
Explanation
Article 124(3) requires 5 years as a High Court judge, or 10 years as a High Court advocate, or being a distinguished jurist in the President's opinion.
Who administers the oath of office to a judge of the Supreme Court?
Answer: (1) The President or a person appointed by him
Explanation
Under Article 124(6), the oath is made before the President or a person appointed by him for this purpose; in practice the CJI administers it.
Under the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968, a motion for the removal of a Supreme Court judge, if moved in the Lok Sabha, must be signed by at least how many members?
Answer: (2) 100
Explanation
The removal motion needs the signatures of 100 Lok Sabha members or 50 Rajya Sabha members before the Speaker or Chairman can admit it.
Match List-I (Article) with List-II (Provision): List-I: A. Article 126 B. Article 127 C. Article 128 D. Article 129 List-II: 1. Attendance of retired judges at sittings of the Supreme Court 2. Supreme Court to be a court of record 3. Appointment of acting Chief Justice 4. Appointment of ad hoc judges Choose the correct code:
Answer: (1) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
Explanation
Article 126 covers the acting Chief Justice, 127 ad hoc judges, 128 retired judges sitting in the Court, and 129 makes the Supreme Court a court of record.
The 'collegium' system for the appointment of judges originated from which case?
Answer: (2) Second Judges Case (1993)
Explanation
In the Second Judges Case (SC Advocates-on-Record Association, 1993) the Court gave primacy to the CJI's opinion formed with senior judges, creating the collegium.