20 questionswith explanationsfor RAS, Patwari, VDO and other Rajasthan exams
Who is widely regarded as the father of the Green Revolution in India?
Answer: (4) M.S. Swaminathan
Explanation
Agricultural scientist M.S. Swaminathan led the introduction of high-yielding wheat varieties in India in the 1960s.
'Operation Flood', the programme behind India's White Revolution, was launched by the National Dairy Development Board in:
Answer: (2) 1970
Explanation
Operation Flood began in 1970 under NDDB (set up in 1965) and made India the world's largest milk producer.
Match List-I (Revolution) with List-II (Related sector): List-I: 1. Blue Revolution 2. Yellow Revolution 3. Silver Revolution 4. Grey Revolution List-II: A. Fertilisers B. Eggs/poultry C. Fisheries D. Oilseeds
Answer: (3) 1-C, 2-D, 3-B, 4-A
Explanation
Blue – fisheries, Yellow – oilseeds, Silver – eggs/poultry, Grey – fertilisers.
Consider the following statements about the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP): 1. It is a constitutional body. 2. The final decision on Minimum Support Prices is taken by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA). 3. It recommends MSPs for 22 mandated crops and the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) for sugarcane. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer: (2) 2 and 3 only
Explanation
CACP (set up in 1965 as the Agricultural Prices Commission) is an attached office of the Agriculture Ministry, not a constitutional body; it recommends MSP for 22 crops and FRP for sugarcane, and the CCEA decides.
Since the Union Budget 2018-19, the Minimum Support Price of mandated crops has been fixed at a level of at least how many times the all-India weighted average cost of production?
Answer: (4) 1.5 times
Explanation
From 2018-19 the government fixes MSP at a minimum of 1.5 times the all-India weighted average cost of production (A2+FL).
Consider the following statements about PM-KISAN: 1. Eligible farmer families receive ₹6,000 per year in three equal instalments through Direct Benefit Transfer. 2. It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme in which the Centre and States share the cost in a 60:40 ratio. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer: (1) 1 only
Explanation
PM-KISAN (launched February 2019) pays ₹6,000 a year in three instalments of ₹2,000; it is a Central Sector Scheme fully funded by the Centre.
Under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), what is the maximum premium payable by farmers for Rabi food and oilseed crops?
Answer: (1) 1.5% of sum insured
Explanation
Farmers pay up to 2% for Kharif, 1.5% for Rabi and 5% for annual commercial/horticultural crops; the rest is shared by the Centre and States.
The Bhoodan Movement of Vinoba Bhave, a voluntary land-reform effort, began in 1951 at:
Answer: (3) Pochampally
Explanation
Vinoba Bhave received the first land gift at Pochampally in the Telangana region on 18 April 1951.
The Ninth Schedule, added to the Constitution to protect land-reform laws from being challenged in courts, was inserted by:
Answer: (3) The First Amendment, 1951
Explanation
The First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951 inserted the Ninth Schedule (with Articles 31A and 31B) to shield zamindari-abolition and land-reform laws.
Under the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956, how many industries were listed in Schedule A, whose future development was to be the exclusive responsibility of the State?
Answer: (1) 17
Explanation
IPR 1956 put 17 industries in Schedule A (exclusive State responsibility) and 12 in Schedule B (progressively State-owned); the rest were left to the private sector.
Which industrial policy is often described as the 'Economic Constitution of India'?
Answer: (2) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
Explanation
The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956, which aimed at a socialistic pattern of society with a leading public sector, is called the Economic Constitution of India.
The New Industrial Policy of 1991 abolished industrial licensing for all industries except a short list of how many industries?
Answer: (3) 18
Explanation
In 1991 compulsory licensing was retained for only 18 industries (security, strategic, hazardous or environmental reasons); the list was later cut further.
Consider the following statements about India's 1991 economic reforms (LPG): 1. The New Industrial Policy was announced in July 1991. 2. The reforms were launched in the wake of a severe balance of payments crisis. 3. The Competition Act replaced the MRTP Act in 1991 itself. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer: (1) 1 and 2 only
Explanation
The NIP came on 24 July 1991 amid a BoP crisis; the Competition Act was passed only in 2002 to replace the MRTP Act.
Under the revised MSME criteria effective from 1 April 2025, an enterprise is classified as 'Micro' if its investment in plant and machinery/equipment and its turnover do not exceed:
Answer: (2) ₹2.5 crore and ₹10 crore
Explanation
From 1 April 2025 the micro limits are ₹2.5 crore investment and ₹10 crore turnover (earlier ₹1 crore and ₹5 crore); small is ₹25 crore/₹100 crore and medium ₹125 crore/₹500 crore.
Consider the following statements about the classification of MSMEs in India: 1. Since 1 July 2020, MSMEs are classified on composite criteria of investment in plant and machinery/equipment and annual turnover. 2. Separate investment limits continue to apply to manufacturing and service enterprises. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer: (1) 1 only
Explanation
The 2020 revision introduced composite investment-plus-turnover criteria and removed the distinction between manufacturing and service enterprises.
The 'Make in India' initiative, to make India a global manufacturing hub, was launched in:
Answer: (4) 2014
Explanation
Make in India was launched on 25 September 2014; its logo is a lion made of gears.
The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, with a total outlay of about ₹1.97 lakh crore announced in the Union Budget 2021-22, cover how many key sectors?
Answer: (2) 14
Explanation
PLI schemes cover 14 sectors, including mobile phones, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, textiles, solar PV modules, ACC batteries and drones.
According to the Economic Survey 2025-26, the share of the services sector in India's Gross Value Added (GVA) in FY26 (First Advance Estimates) was about:
Answer: (3) 56%
Explanation
The Economic Survey 2025-26 put services at a record 56.4% of GVA in FY26, the highest ever.
The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme, to provide timely short-term credit to farmers, was introduced in:
Answer: (4) 1998
Explanation
The KCC scheme was introduced in August 1998, prepared by NABARD on the recommendations of the R.V. Gupta Committee.
The electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM), an online trading portal for agricultural commodities launched in 2016, is implemented by:
Answer: (4) SFAC
Explanation
e-NAM, launched in April 2016, is implemented by the Small Farmers' Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.