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Modern India & National Movement MCQ with Answers

20 questionswith explanationsfor RAS, Patwari, VDO and other Rajasthan exams

Questions

Q1

In which year did the Jallianwala Bagh massacre take place?

  1. (1)1915
  2. (2)1919
  3. (3)1920
  4. (4)1922

Answer: (2) 1919

Explanation

The massacre took place in Amritsar on 13 April 1919.

Q2

Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress (1885)?

  1. (1)Dadabhai Naoroji
  2. (2)Surendranath Banerjee
  3. (3)W. C. Bonnerjee
  4. (4)A. O. Hume

Answer: (3) W. C. Bonnerjee

Explanation

W. C. Bonnerjee presided over the first session of the Congress held at Bombay in December 1885.

Q3

The Partition of Bengal (1905) was carried out during the tenure of which Viceroy?

  1. (1)Lord Minto
  2. (2)Lord Curzon
  3. (3)Lord Ripon
  4. (4)Lord Lytton

Answer: (2) Lord Curzon

Explanation

Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal in 1905, which triggered the Swadeshi Movement.

Q4

The All India Muslim League was founded in 1906 at:

  1. (1)Lahore
  2. (2)Aligarh
  3. (3)Lucknow
  4. (4)Dhaka

Answer: (4) Dhaka

Explanation

The All India Muslim League was founded at Dhaka in December 1906.

Q5

Gandhiji began the Dandi March on 12 March 1930 from:

  1. (1)Wardha
  2. (2)Porbandar
  3. (3)Sabarmati Ashram
  4. (4)Champaran

Answer: (3) Sabarmati Ashram

Explanation

Gandhiji set out from Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad, and broke the salt law at Dandi on 6 April 1930.

Q6

The Quit India Resolution was adopted by the All India Congress Committee on 8 August 1942 at:

  1. (1)Bombay
  2. (2)Lahore
  3. (3)Calcutta
  4. (4)Madras

Answer: (1) Bombay

Explanation

The AICC passed the Quit India Resolution at Gowalia Tank, Bombay, where Gandhiji gave the call 'Do or Die'.

Q7

The 'Purna Swaraj' resolution was passed at which session of the Congress?

  1. (1)Karachi, 1931
  2. (2)Lahore, 1929
  3. (3)Calcutta, 1928
  4. (4)Lucknow, 1916

Answer: (2) Lahore, 1929

Explanation

The Lahore session of December 1929, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, adopted Purna Swaraj as the goal.

Q8

The Revolt of 1857 began on 10 May 1857 at:

  1. (1)Delhi
  2. (2)Kanpur
  3. (3)Lucknow
  4. (4)Meerut

Answer: (4) Meerut

Explanation

The revolt broke out among sepoys at Meerut on 10 May 1857, who then marched to Delhi.

Q9

Following the Chauri Chaura incident (February 1922), Gandhiji withdrew which movement?

  1. (1)Non-Cooperation Movement
  2. (2)Civil Disobedience Movement
  3. (3)Quit India Movement
  4. (4)Swadeshi Movement

Answer: (1) Non-Cooperation Movement

Explanation

After a mob set fire to a police station at Chauri Chaura, Gandhiji called off the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Q10

The Congress split into Moderates and Extremists at the Surat session in which year?

  1. (1)1905
  2. (2)1906
  3. (3)1907
  4. (4)1908

Answer: (3) 1907

Explanation

The Congress split at its Surat session in 1907 over differences between Moderates and Extremists.

Q11

The Poona Pact (1932) between Gandhiji and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was a response to:

  1. (1)The August Offer
  2. (2)The Communal Award
  3. (3)The Cripps Proposals
  4. (4)The Montagu Declaration

Answer: (2) The Communal Award

Explanation

Gandhiji fasted against separate electorates for depressed classes under the Communal Award; the Poona Pact gave them reserved seats in joint electorates instead.

Q12

The Cabinet Mission that came to India in 1946 was headed by:

  1. (1)Sir Stafford Cripps
  2. (2)A. V. Alexander
  3. (3)Lord Wavell
  4. (4)Lord Pethick-Lawrence

Answer: (4) Lord Pethick-Lawrence

Explanation

The Cabinet Mission was led by Lord Pethick-Lawrence, with Stafford Cripps and A. V. Alexander as members.

Q13

The 'Tinkathia' system, against which Gandhiji led the Champaran Satyagraha (1917), related to the compulsory cultivation of:

  1. (1)Indigo
  2. (2)Opium
  3. (3)Cotton
  4. (4)Jute

Answer: (1) Indigo

Explanation

Under the Tinkathia system, peasants of Champaran were forced by European planters to grow indigo on 3/20th of their land.

Q14

During which of the following struggles did Gandhiji go on a hunger strike for the first time in India?

  1. (1)Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
  2. (2)Ahmedabad mill strike (1918)
  3. (3)Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
  4. (4)Rowlatt Satyagraha (1919)

Answer: (2) Ahmedabad mill strike (1918)

Explanation

In the 1918 Ahmedabad cotton mill dispute, Gandhiji used the hunger strike as a weapon for the first time; the workers got a 35% wage increase.

Q15

Arrange the following events in chronological order: 1. Arrival of the Simon Commission in India 2. Lucknow Pact 3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact 4. Passing of the Rowlatt Act

  1. (1)4, 2, 1, 3
  2. (2)2, 4, 3, 1
  3. (3)2, 4, 1, 3
  4. (4)4, 2, 3, 1

Answer: (3) 2, 4, 1, 3

Explanation

Lucknow Pact (1916), Rowlatt Act (1919), Simon Commission's arrival (1928) and Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931).

Q16

The boycott resolution that formally launched the Swadeshi Movement was passed on 7 August 1905 at a meeting held in which city?

  1. (1)Dacca
  2. (2)Barisal
  3. (3)Calcutta
  4. (4)Bombay

Answer: (3) Calcutta

Explanation

The Swadeshi Movement was formally proclaimed with the boycott resolution passed at the Calcutta Town Hall on 7 August 1905.

Q17

16 October 1905, the day the Partition of Bengal came into effect, was observed as a day of mourning. On Rabindranath Tagore's call, people also observed it as:

  1. (1)Swaraj Day
  2. (2)Martyrs' Day
  3. (3)Swadeshi Diwali
  4. (4)Raksha Bandhan

Answer: (4) Raksha Bandhan

Explanation

Tagore asked people to tie rakhis on each other's wrists on 16 October 1905 as a symbol of the unity of the two halves of Bengal.

Q18

The Partition of Bengal was annulled in 1911 during the tenure of which Viceroy?

  1. (1)Lord Hardinge II
  2. (2)Lord Minto II
  3. (3)Lord Chelmsford
  4. (4)Lord Curzon

Answer: (1) Lord Hardinge II

Explanation

The annulment was announced at the Delhi Durbar of 1911 under Lord Hardinge II, along with the shift of the capital from Calcutta to Delhi.

Q19

Consider the following statements about the Home Rule Leagues: 1. Tilak's Home Rule League was set up at Belgaum in April 1916. 2. Annie Besant's Home Rule League was set up at Madras in September 1916. 3. The two leagues merged in 1916 to form a single all-India league. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. (1)1 only
  2. (2)1 and 2 only
  3. (3)2 and 3 only
  4. (4)1, 2 and 3

Answer: (2) 1 and 2 only

Explanation

Statements 1 and 2 are correct; the two leagues did not merge but worked in coordination, with demarcated areas of work.

Q20

Who presided over the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress (1916), where the Moderates and Extremists were reunited?

  1. (1)Rash Behari Ghosh
  2. (2)Ambika Charan Mazumdar
  3. (3)Bhupendra Nath Bose
  4. (4)Madan Mohan Malaviya

Answer: (2) Ambika Charan Mazumdar

Explanation

The 1916 Lucknow session was presided over by Ambika Charan Mazumdar; the Congress-League (Lucknow) Pact was also concluded at this time.